The constitution of our country is the�ultimate shield against�all forms of abuse and enabler of powers and rights for Indians. It�provides direction to the polity, society and citizenry of India to strive for excellence in the collective conduct and individual behaviour.
Essentially it�governs how the government and�people interact with each other.�After Independence,�a constituent assembly was formed to create a document installing the national aims and aspirations as a newly independent country.��
Consequently,�they drafted a legal document that encompasses national values and goals. Officially�our constitution was enacted on 26�January 1950.�
India�constitution stipulates the limits all�form of governance and authority, be it state, judiciary or private�entities.�Due to its detailed nature, it is also the world�s most capacious constitution.�Our constitution�incorporated inspirations and various provisions from diverse sources.
It has stipulations and adoptions from the Government of India Act (1935), the US constitution, the UK constitution, from�countries like USSR, Japan�etc. This tradition has been a constant�it has always been an organically�growing entity, liable to change in light of changing aspirations and circumstances.�
Over the years, the modifications (amendment, repeal etc) have changed the overall nature of our polity�adding the descriptions like�socialist and�secular (42nd amendment, 1976).�
In terms of governance, it contains information regarding the nature and�constitution of the three organs, namely: the legislature (law-making), executive (law enforcing) and judiciary�(law maintaining).�The state or territory of India, according to the constitution, is a union of different smaller states and union territories�(and acquired territories like annexation, enclaves).
These subunits have their own governmental architecture culminating in local administration bodies like panchayats and municipal corporations.�This symbiotic relationship is called cooperative federalism.
However, in�certain circumstances like war etc. a state of emergency brings the entire nation under one government i.e. the Union.�The�executive�head of the country is the President while�the legislature is represented by the Parliament.�
The Judicial system has Supreme Court at its apex and the legislature is constituted with two sub-houses- Lok Sabha (directly elected and�nominated parliamentarians) and Rajya Sabha (Indirectly elected+nominated parliamentarians).